Simon Brown.

Join me on this journey. Let's seek the truth together! 💡 Proverbs 8:34-36 Blessed is the man who hears me, watching daily at my gates, waiting at my door posts. For whoever finds me finds life, and will obtain favor from Yahweh. But he who sins against me wrongs his own soul. All those who hate me love death.” Psalm 84: 11 For Yahweh God is a sun and a shield. Yahweh will give grace and glory. He withholds no good thing from those who walk blamelessly. 12 Yahweh of Armies, blessed is the man who trusts in you. 1 John 5:5 Now who is the one overcoming the world, except the one believing that Jesus is the Son of God.

Thursday, 3 May 2018

Archaeological evidence of Gallio who tried and judged St Paul as told in Acts 18:12.

 The Gallio Inscription from Delphi naming Lucius Junius Gallio, proconsul of Achaia, compared with Acts 18:12 where Paul is brought before Gallio for judgment.

A detailed Bible archaeology image examining the Gallio Inscription, also known as the Delphi Inscription. The ancient inscription records Lucius Junius Gallio as proconsul, while Acts 18:12–17 describes Paul being brought before Gallio in Achaia, providing an important connection between the New Testament and independently preserved Roman history.

THE GALLIO INSCRIPTION

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE ROMAN GOVERNOR WHO JUDGED PAUL IN ACTS 18:12

By Simon Brown

Archaeology continues to uncover remarkable evidence from the historical world described in the Bible.

Names of rulers, governors, cities and political offices recorded in Scripture can sometimes also be found in inscriptions and other archaeological evidence outside the Bible.

One particularly important discovery concerns a Roman official named:

GALLIO

Why is Gallio important?

Because the book of Acts tells us that the apostle Paul was brought before him for judgment:

“But Gallio being proconsul of Achaia, the Jews rose up with one accord against Paul and led him to the judgment seat.”
Acts 18:12, BLB

Gallio was not merely a character known from the New Testament.

We have important independent historical evidence for him.

And that evidence has become one of the most useful chronological markers for dating the ministry of the apostle Paul.


THE GALLIO INSCRIPTION

In the early twentieth century, fragments of an ancient inscription were discovered at Delphi in Greece, associated with the sanctuary of Apollo.

The reconstructed inscription preserves part of a letter from the Roman emperor:

CLAUDIUS

The inscription is commonly called the:

DELPHI INSCRIPTION

or:

GALLIO INSCRIPTION

Among its most important surviving words is a reference to:

LUCIUS JUNIUS GALLIO

and identifies him as the emperor's:

“FRIEND AND PROCONSUL.”

This is extraordinary when compared with Acts.

The inscription identifies Gallio as a proconsul.

And what does Luke call Gallio?

“Gallio being proconsul of Achaia…”
— Acts 18:12, BLB

The title fits the historical setting.


PAUL IS BROUGHT BEFORE GALLIO

Acts 18 describes Paul preaching in Corinth, the capital of the Roman province of Achaia.

Opposition eventually arose against him.

Acts records:

“But Gallio being proconsul of Achaia, the Jews rose up with one accord against Paul and led him to the judgment seat, saying, ‘This man persuades men to worship God contrary to the law.’”
Acts 18:12–13, BLB

Paul was preparing to defend himself when Gallio intervened.

Gallio regarded the dispute as an internal religious matter rather than a Roman criminal offence and refused to judge it.

The account therefore places Paul within a very specific historical setting:

Corinth.

The Roman province of Achaia.

The office of proconsul.

And:

GALLIO.

Then archaeology gives us an independent inscription naming that same Roman official.


WHY IS THE GALLIO INSCRIPTION SO IMPORTANT?

The importance goes far beyond simply demonstrating that Gallio existed.

The inscription can be approximately dated because it records the imperial titles of Claudius Caesar.

This allows historians to place Gallio's period as proconsul of Achaia around AD 51–52.

That provides historians with an extremely valuable chronological anchor for Paul's life.

In other words, Acts does not merely mention an otherwise unknown man named Gallio.

It places Paul before a genuine Roman provincial governor whose period in office can be connected with independent Roman evidence.

That enables scholars to build a chronology around Paul's time in Corinth and, from there, other events in his ministry.


EVEN CLAUDIUS CAESAR APPEARS IN THE BIBLE

There is another fascinating connection.

The emperor responsible for the Delphi inscription was:

CLAUDIUS CAESAR

And Claudius himself appears in the New Testament.

Acts 11:28 records the prophet Agabus predicting a severe famine:

“And one of them named Agabus, having risen up, signified through the Spirit that a great famine was about to be over the whole world, which came to pass under Claudius.”
Acts 11:28, BLB

Acts therefore places its narrative within the reign of a genuine Roman emperor independently known from abundant historical evidence.

Later, Acts 18:2 refers to Claudius again when Paul meets Aquila and Priscilla:

“…because Claudius had commanded all the Jews to depart out of Rome.”
Acts 18:2, BLB

So within the historical setting surrounding Paul we encounter real Roman rulers and administrators whose existence is known independently of Scripture.


COMPARE THIS WITH PONTIUS PILATE

There is an interesting parallel with another famous New Testament figure:

PONTIUS PILATE

Pilate governed Judaea and presided over the proceedings that resulted in the crucifixion of Jesus.

Then, in 1961, archaeologists at Caesarea Maritima discovered the famous Pilate Stone, bearing Pilate's name and Roman title.

Once again, archaeology supplied independent evidence for a government official appearing in the New Testament.

The Gallio inscription provides another example.

Luke writes about Gallio.

Roman evidence identifies Gallio.

Luke identifies him as proconsul of Achaia.

The Delphi inscription likewise associates Gallio with the office of proconsul.


THIS IS WHY BIBLE ARCHAEOLOGY IS SO FASCINATING

Think about what we have.

The New Testament records:

PAUL

standing in:

CORINTH

before:

GALLIO

the:

PROCONSUL OF ACHAIA

during the reign of:

CLAUDIUS CAESAR.

Then we step outside the Bible and examine the historical and archaeological evidence.

Claudius was unquestionably a genuine Roman emperor.

Gallio was unquestionably a genuine historical individual.

The Delphi inscription identifies Gallio in connection with his position as proconsul.

And its dating places him remarkably close to the period in which Acts says Paul appeared before him.

These are not imaginary places and rulers.

They belong to the genuine political world of the first-century Roman Empire.


DOES THE GALLIO INSCRIPTION “PROVE THE BIBLE”?

As with all archaeological evidence, we should describe exactly what the discovery demonstrates.

The inscription does not mention Paul or describe Paul's trial.

Therefore, it would be going beyond the evidence to say the inscription independently proves that the trial itself occurred.

What it does provide is powerful independent confirmation of an important historical person and office described by Acts.

It confirms that Gallio was a real Roman official.

It supports the title Acts gives him.

And crucially, it helps historians establish the chronology of Paul's ministry in Corinth.

That is substantial historical evidence.

We do not need to exaggerate it.

THE REAL EVIDENCE IS REMARKABLE ENOUGH.


THE BIBLE IS ROOTED IN REAL HISTORY

This is what I find so fascinating about biblical archaeology.

Again and again Scripture places its narratives within identifiable historical settings.

It names:

Kings.

Governors.

Emperors.

Cities.

Nations.

Political offices.

And archaeology and ancient historical sources allow us to investigate many of these people and places independently.

The Gallio inscription is an excellent example.

Nearly two thousand years after Paul stood in Roman Corinth, fragments of an imperial inscription help us reconstruct the same historical world described in Acts.


THE GALLIO INSCRIPTION

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR THE ROMAN GOVERNOR WHO JUDGED PAUL

The Bible records:

“Gallio being proconsul of Achaia…”
Acts 18:12, BLB

And an ancient inscription from Delphi preserves evidence for:

GALLIO — PROCONSUL

This discovery does not require blind faith.

The inscription can be examined.

The archaeology can be studied.

The chronology can be investigated.

And the evidence can be compared with the book of Acts.

SEARCH THE EVIDENCE.

STUDY THE HISTORY.

COMPARE IT WITH SCRIPTURE.

Jesus said:

“Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and it will be opened to you.”
Matthew 7:7, BLB

I pray that discoveries such as the Gallio inscription encourage people to investigate the historical foundations of the Bible and ultimately to seek the one true God and His Messiah, Jesus Christ.

Research by Simon Brown

wwwrealdiscoveriesorg-simon.blogspot.com

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Old article
I have reposted this to remind us how Archaeology proves the Bible.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AThe_Temple_of_Apollo_at_Delphi.jpgBy Luarvick (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons
These REAL Bible discoveries continue to pop out of the earth with staggering, amazing, mind blowing archaeological evidence proving the Bible.
Many of these Bible discoveries were discovered before our parents, or in some cases our grandparents were born, yet so many of us are still not aware of them, because they are kept silent or hidden out the way, and we do not always learn about them unless we seek and then we find, just as Jesus told us.
Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you.  Matthew 7:7. KJV.

Just as there was no evidence outside the Bible of the famous fifth governor of Roman Judea, Pontius Pilate, who was famous for the trial and crucifixion of Jesus in Matthew 27:2.
Until the Pilate stone inscription was discovered in 1961 with Pontius Pilate's name.

The Gallio Inscription.
We yet again have an archaeological discovery of a collection of nine fragments discovered in the 20th century at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi, Greece, (Image above) with a man named Gallio who tried and judged St Paul.
St Paul is well known for writing half of the new testament Bible as told in Acts 18:12.
And when Gallio was the deputy of Achaia, the Jews made insurrection with one accord against Paul, and brought him to the judgment seat.

Claudius Caesar.
The archaeological evidence was written in 52 CE by the famous Roman emperor who was Claudius Caesar, as also told in the Holy Bible of Acts 11:28.
And there stood up one of them named Agabus, and signified by the spirit that there should be great dearth throughout all the world: which came to pass in the days of Claudius Caesar.

Bust of Emperor Claudius.

Bust of Emperor Claudius.http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AClaudius_crop.jpg.Seepage for author [CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)],via Wikimedia Commons
This archaeological discovery of a man named Gallio as told in Acts 18:12, and Claudius Caesar, as told in Acts 11:28, is again absolute proof both lived, who are recorded in the new testament and are historical records which establish the dates of St Paul as told, and confirmed in the book of Acts.
Archaeology certainly proves the Bible.
I pray the archaeology that proves the Bible will help to bring you to faith in Jesus Christ, follow Him and be saved. Amen.
I am Simon Brown.

For further study and links please read below.




Delphi Inscription
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Delphi Inscription, or Gallio Inscription (IG, VII, 1676; SIG, II, 801d),[1] is the name given to the collection of nine fragments of a letter written by the Roman emperor Claudius c. 52 CE and discovered early in the 20th century at the Temple of Apollo in DelphiGreece.[2][3]
The reconstructed inscription begins thus:
Tiber[ius Claudius Cae]sar Augustus Ge[rmanicus, invested with tribunician po]wer [for the 12th time, acclaimed Imperator for t]he 26th time, F[ather of the Fa]ther[land...]. For a l[ong time have I been not onl]y [well-disposed towards t]he ci[ty] of Delph[i, but also solicitous for its pro]sperity, and I have always guard[ed th]e cul[t of t]he [Pythian] Apol[lo. But] now [since] it is said to be desti[tu]te of [citi]zens, as [L. Jun]ius Gallio, my fri[end] an[d procon]sul, [recently reported to me, and being desirous that Delphi] should retain [inta]ct its for[mer rank, I] ord[er you (pl.) to in]vite well-born people also from [ot]her cities [to Delphi as new inhabitants....][4]
The reference to proconsul Gallio in the inscription provides an important marker for developing a chronology of the life of Apostle Paul by relating it to the trial of Paul in Achaea mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (18:12-17).[5][6] 

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. Jump up ^ The Gallio Inscription at http://users.wfu.edu
  2. Jump up ^ Paul: his letters and his theology by Stanley B. Marrow 1986 ISBN 0-8091-2744-X page 47 [1]
  3. Jump up ^ Christianity and the Roman Empire: background texts by Ralph Martin Novak 2001 ISBN 1-56338-347-0 pages 20-22
  4. Jump up ^ Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, St. Paul's Corinth: Text and Archaeology (Liturgical Press, 2002) ISBN 9780814653036 p.161.
  5. Jump up ^ A. Köstenberger, The Cradle, the Cross, and the Crown: An Introduction to the New Testament, 2009 ISBN 978-0-8054-4365-3 page 400
  6. Jump up ^ The Cambridge Companion to St Paul by James D. G. Dunn (Nov 10, 2003) Cambridge Univ Press ISBN 0521786940 page 20

References[edit]

External links[edit]

ALSO READ The Gallio Inscription


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